Quantum Physics
Energy is not continuous, but comes in small but discrete units. 1
The elementary particles behave both like particles and like waves. 2
The movement of these particles is inherently random. 3
It
is physically impossible to know both the position and the momentum of a
particle at the same time. The more precisely one is known, the less
precise the measurement of the other is.4
The atomic world is nothing like the world we live in. 5
There
is a new branch of science called Super String Theory or M Theory,
which is further demonstrating that the material universe is just an
illusion. Every atom and particle is not solid but made up of what
theorectical physicists call strings of vibrational energy and they are
so small that if an atom is the size of the Solar system, each one of
the strings that make it up would be anywhere from the size of a tree on
Earth or the size of an atom compared to the size of the atom, which
has been extrapolated to the size of the Solar System. If there is no
solidity whatsoever then it is easy to understand how the entire
universe can expand from the point of the Big Bang.
In former
times scientists thought that light consists of waves and that
electrons, neutrons and protons are particles. But Scientists have
discovered that sometimes light has got a wave character and sometimes
light has got a particle character but not only light also the other
particles which I mentioned sometimes have got a wave character. There
is an experiment which shows that light can have a particle character.
For this experiment we need a metal plate. When we irradiate this metal
plate with light it can happen that some of the electrons of some atoms
will leave their atomic shell. But when no electron leaves the atomic
shell a classical physicist would say that the intensity is to low and
what we need a stronger light source or that we must give the light
nearer to the metal plate. But this would not help, because light
consists of photons and when we have got a higher intensity there are
more photons which bombard the electrons, but one electron can only
absorb one photon. This means that the energy of the photon is
responsible, wheather an electron leaves his atomic shell or not. The
electrons are holded by the positive charged atomic nucleus and so they
need a certain energy to break out. So we need radiation with a shorter
wavelength to give the electrons enough energy. If the wavelength is
shorter the energy and the frequency are higher. Which wavelength do we
need depends on the atoms. Simple light is to little so that we need
ultraviolet light for example. All this is called photoelectric effect.
The best possibility to make this experiment is with an electroscope.
There is also an experiment which show us that electrons can have a wave
character. It is the double gap experiment which I will describe later,
because he is the most important experiment for quantum physics and the
consequences of him might change your conception of the world.
The guy @ 2:54 is my favorite. I wish my professors were like the guys in this video.
universe112 hace 1 semana 7
This video is a rare gem.
universe112 hace 1 semana en la lista de reproducción Liked videos 5